DON EKINLARI KASALLIKLARI HAMDA ULARGA QARSHI KURASH USULLARI

Yangi O'zbekiston taraqqiyotida tadqiqotlarni o'rni va rivojlanish omillari

Abstract

Qora kuya g’alla ekinlarining eng xavfli kasalligi qatoriga kirib, uning boshog’ini, so’tasini zararlaydi. Natijada don o’rnida qora rangdagi kukun xosil bo’ladi, uning xosili butunlay nobud bo’ladi. Bug’doyning qattiq qora kuya kasalligi. Kasallikni Basidiomycetes sinfi, Ustiliginales tartibi vakillari keltirib chiqaradi. Ular o’z xayot siklida teliosporalar, gammalar, bazidiosporalar xosil qiladi. Miseliysi yaxshi rivojlangan bo’lib, endogen xosil bo’ladi, o’simlik to’qimalariga xujayralararo suyuqlik orqali kirib keladi. Spora xosil qilishdan oldin, mitseliylar shoxlanib, ko’ndalang to’siqlar xosil qiladi, xujayra po’sti shilimshiqlanib, qalinlashadi, o’ziga xos seld balig’idan chiqqan suv xidiga uxshash xidga ega bo’ladi. Donning sut pishish davrida bu jarrayon ko’zga tashlansada, kasallangan vakillari sog’lom donlar orasida tafovut kuzatilmaydi.

 The black moth is one of the most dangerous diseases of grain crops, damaging its ears and stalks. As a result, a black powder is formed instead of the grain, and its grain is completely destroyed. Severe black moth disease of wheat. The disease is caused by representatives of the class Basidiomycetes, order Ustiliginales. They produce teliospores, gammas, basidiospores in their life cycle. Mycelium is well developed, it is an endogenous product, it enters plant tissues through intercellular fluid. Before spore formation, the mycelium branches and forms transverse barriers, the cell membrane becomes slimy and thickens, and the water from the herring has a peculiar star-like smell. Although this process is noticeable during the ripening of grain, there is no difference between diseased representatives and healthy grains.